Celebrate the Caribbean Endemic Bird Festival (CEBF) with us! Our theme in 2024 is “Protect Insects, Protect Birds”—highlighting the importance of protecting insects for birds and our environment. Have fun learning about a new endemic bird every day. We have colouring pages, puzzles, activities, and more. Download for free and enjoy learning about and celebrating nature!
Endemic Bird of the Day: Jamaican Tody
When you hear the name Robin Redbreast, many birds across many continents come to mind. In Jamaica, it’s the Jamaican Tody (Todus todus). When it comes to names, it seems that nostalgic European settlers have long been prone to naming any bird with a flash of red on the chest “robins” after the beloved little birds they remember from home. However, the Tody doesn’t actually have a red breast—it has a red throat! Being such a compact bird, the anatomy has been conflated by the casual observer.
The Jamaican Tody carries other interesting local names—’Jesus Bird’ and ‘Rasta Bird’. Legend has it that during Christ’s crucifixion, a drop of blood fell on the bird while it was looking up at the cross. This event is said to have left a lasting imprint on the bird’s appearance. As for its ‘Rasta Bird’ moniker, the Jamaican Tody’s brilliant red, green, and yellow/gold colors embody the Rastafarian colours, making it truly iconic of Jamaica!
First described in Jamaica, Todies belong to a genus exclusive to the Greater Antilles and entirely endemic to the Caribbean. There are five species spread across four islands, with one on each island except Hispaniola, which has two.
This vibrant little bird is only about 9cm (3.5 inches) tall and boasts a large head, stout body, and short tail. Imagine a feathered puff with a prominent red, pointed bill. Its back and wings are a bright leaf green, while its throat is vibrantly red. The upper half of the bill is brown, and the lower is orange-red. It has a white mustache that ends in a touch of blue. The iris can be blue-gray, brownish-white, or even a rare half-and-half combination! The breast is white, with some green washing on the sides. There are varying amounts of pink on the flanks and bright yellow or green on the lower belly. The wings and tail are black with green and brown edges, and the legs are brown.
Found in all types of forests, from mangroves to mountains, the Tody is most common at mid-levels. Don’t let its small size fool you—it has a huge personality! You’ll likely see it flitting about in the undergrowth, constantly searching for its next meal. It perches on low branches with its long, broad bill tilted upwards as it patiently scans the vegetation for crawling larvae and flying insects. Once spotted, the Tody swoops down or up to catch its prey in a flash! Prey is hit against the branches or shaken in its bill to kill it before eating.
During the breeding season Jamaican Todies give a loud “beep.” For territorial displays, a rapid, guttural throat-rattling “frrrup” call is used. A loud hissing “cheep” signals danger. However, not all of their distinctive sounds come from inside their beaks! In flight, they also make a characteristic “buzzing” noise with their wings!
When it comes to raising their offspring, a typical nest of leaves and twigs just won’t do for Jamaican Todies. Both males and females tunnel through soil to build nesting burrows where 1 to 4 white eggs are laid!
The Jamaican Tody is not a threatened species but its population is undoubtedly negatively affected by habitat destruction, predation by the invasive Indian Mongoose. This remarkable little bird will benefit from reforestation programs and efforts to stop the spread of its invasive predators.
Learn more about this species, including its range, photos, and calls here. Great news! If you’re in the Caribbean, thanks to BirdsCaribbean, you have free access to Birds of the World and you can find out even more in the full species account of this bird!
Thanks to Arnaldo Toledo for the illustration and Damany Calder for the text!
Colour in the Jamaican Tody
Download our West Indies Endemic Bird colouring page. Use the photos below as your guide, or you can look up pictures of the bird online or in a bird field guide if you have one. Share your coloured-in page with us by posting it online and tagging us @BirdsCaribbean #CEBFfromthenest
Listen to the song of the Jamaican Tody
The song of the Jamaican Tody is a series of scratchy sounding “zheh” sounds often followed by a brief rattling call.
Puzzle of the Day
Click on the image below to do the puzzle. You can make the puzzle as easy or as hard as you like – for example, 6, 8, or 12 pieces for young children, all the way up to 1,024 pieces for those that are up for a challenge!
Activity of the Day
FOR KIDS : Jamaican Todies feed on insects like beetles, flies, moths, crickets, and grasshoppers. When catching flying insects for a delicious meal Todies will “sally” (swoop) out form their perch on a nearby branch and grab this insect right out of the air! If they are successful they then head back to their perch and tuck into their catch.
Can you help this hungry Jamaican Tody find its way through our maze to to grab some tasty insect food? You can find the correct route here.
FOR KIDS AND ADULTS : Enjoy this video of a Jamaican Tody in the wild!